How to use R packages to identify differentially expressed genes for a Coursework

How to use R packages to identify differentially expressed genes for a real data set - Coursework Example The data were classified according to the gene expressions before and after application of the drug on patients. However, owing to time constraints, some important operations that would have allowed the analysis to exhibit more of its features were left out. For example the arrays were given a summative test at every level; that is t-tests, ebayes and samr. The arrays would have exhibited more underlying relations if the individual cases were matched against their resultant gene expressions after the administration of the drug. The columns could alternatively have been split up in pairs to come up with several individual files that would allow the execution of singular tests on individual files, thereby making the results even more focused. The only weakness of this approach is the need to further recombine the individual results from the tests, but which can not be addressed by the use of the combined arrays. With more time the tests would also have been described under varying p-values. By varying the p-value, it is possible to know the levels of accuracy that similar tests should be subjected to in future. This sets a crucial precedent especially since same method of study will be repeated for future

CNN International and Al-Jazeera Arabic Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

CNN International and Al-Jazeera Arabic - Essay Example CNN International started transmissions on January 1, 1984 at first broadcasting to American business travelers in hotels. The huge bulk of the network's programming primitively consisted of simulcasts of the two domestic CNN channels, CNN/US and Headline News. However, the quantity of news programming created by CNN International especially for international viewers significantly enhanced, in 1990, which came forth as an internationally oriented news channel with staff members of various national backgrounds. On July 4, 1997, CNN International was awarded the Liberty Medal and in accepting the medal on behalf of the network, Ted Turner said: "My idea was, we're just going to give people the facts†¦We didn't have to show liberty and democracy as good, and show socialism or totalitarianism as bad. If we just showed them both the way they were†¦clearly everybody's going to choose liberty and democracy." ... ates was launched on January 11, 2009 and CNN International adjusted half an hour in its schedule with a new evening prime program for the Middle East viewers â€Å"Prism†. From January till September 2009, CNN International conformed more programs that went pitched to a primetime European audience with a few titled after CNN International charismas especially the interview program Amanpour. The channel plunged a new tagline "Go Beyond Borders", accenting the international view that gives the information in this string and the plurality of the audiences and also referring to the various platforms to broadcast their contents, along with a new logo on September 21, 2009. The Channel amalgamated its general newscasts (CNN Today, Your World Today, World News, World News Europe and World News Asia) into a single newscast entitled World Report. CNN International has launched new programs for evening-prime and meliorated its schedule from 2010. The Domestic CNN has increased the CNN International schedule by adding the new talk show program â€Å"Piers Morgan Tonight† in 2011. Today, CNN International has six variants namely: CNN International Europe/Middle East/Africa, based in London, England, United Kingdom; CNN International Latin America based in Atlanta, Georgia, USA; CNN International North America based in Atlanta, Georgia, USA; CNN International Asia Pacific based in Hong Kong SAR, China; CNN International South Asia based in Hong Kong SAR, China; and CNN International Middle East, based in Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.3 Al-Jazeera Owned by the state of Qatar and headquartered in Doha, Qatar, Al Jazeera is an independent broadcaster through the Qatar Media Corporation. Al Jazeera was initially launched as an Arabic news and current affairs satellite TV channel and

Marketing Channels Essay Example for Free

Marketing Channels Essay Suppliers should not deal with intermediaries who are more powerful than they are. Debate this statement. If a supplier deals with strong intermediaries, they will probably exercise power over him. As they are able to provide him with more utilities (value, benefits and satisfaction). However, if there are many strong distributors in the market offering similar packages of benefits and utilities. Then there will be no harm for a supplier to deal with a more powerful distributor or intermediary as they will no longer be so special and powerful since they know the supplier can switch to a any other intermediary anytime (they are easily replaced). Therefore, the level of dependence of the supplier on the intermediaries will be lower. Another way is to excel in logistics when dealing with downstream channel members. Therefore increasing their rewards for doing business with the supplier and becoming difficult to imitate. In turn, channel members make markets and are the faces of their producer to those markets. Question 4: We should not deal with powerful suppliers. They are sure to abuse us, after they use us. Debate this statement, often heard in the meeting rooms of distributors and sales agents. As the usual channel conflict is a zero sum game where the gains of one party are the loss of the other. Many problems may arise between channel members till they actually reach a compromise where each party is satisfied and is able to see where he benefits from the relationship and cooperation.

A Beat Memoir :: Literary Analysis, Johnson

Johnson constructs this bitter-sweet and lyrical memoir from her relationship with aspiring Beat writer Kerouac in 1957. Johnson re-creates her memoir from the confessional perspective she wishes to be heard, and she mentions Robert Lowell to emphasise this confessional element .The author â€Å"is behind the text, controlling its meaning,† using â€Å"intentionality† (Anderson, 1988, p2). Also Johnson uses her text as catharsis and as â€Å"self-defence† in response to Kerouac’s writings. (Lee, 2000, p.98) to reclaim the power she had relinquished to Kerouac. Johnson selects a bleak passage from Kerouac’s novel Bleak Angels, to illustrate his â€Å"woman hatred†: â€Å"For that lumpy roll flesh with the juicy hole I’d sit through eternities of horror in gray rooms ...† (p.133). Johnson wants her â€Å"revenge on history† (Gusdorf, in Onley, 1980, p.36), to retrospectively break a â€Å"silence that I finally wish to give up.† (p.262). The simple phrase, â€Å"the poems Hettie kept mute.† (p.262) links the silence of Glassman to the wider literary world where women have been excluded from the male canon. Johnson is writing in 1983 from the position of an experienced feminist, psychologically analysing how her relationship with Kerouac stifled her identity and how women adopt consensualised exploitation when they believe in â€Å"the curative powers of love as the English believe in tea ...† (p.128). The author uses the first person and the present tense for this recollection adding immediacy, as if now realising that â€Å"He could somehow cancel you out.† (p.128). Glassman mistakenly imagined she could cure Kerouac of his â€Å"blue, bruised eye† melancholy (p.128). In this memoir Johnson appears to privilege Kerouac, presenting him first, but this is so his personality can be analysed alongside Glassman’s and found to be wanting. Johnson as author uses Kerouac (as he appears to have used her) to work through her psychological issues from 1957 and 1983. Johnson does more than tell, she uses double subjectivity to let the reader understand the two Joyces, the naive one who â€Å"put on a lot of eye shadow† (p.127) to attract Kerouac, and the ‘other’ older woman who is â€Å"wondering all the same if it was true† (p.131), as the reader may be. Johnson demonstrates the â€Å"crucial link between author, narrator and protagonist,† (Lejeune in Anderson, p2). All three co-exist in the text, but none can be the real Johnson because, as Mandel argues, autobiography â€Å"pretends to be the whole life of the author† but â€Å"is a construction† (1980, p. A Beat Memoir :: Literary Analysis, Johnson Johnson constructs this bitter-sweet and lyrical memoir from her relationship with aspiring Beat writer Kerouac in 1957. Johnson re-creates her memoir from the confessional perspective she wishes to be heard, and she mentions Robert Lowell to emphasise this confessional element .The author â€Å"is behind the text, controlling its meaning,† using â€Å"intentionality† (Anderson, 1988, p2). Also Johnson uses her text as catharsis and as â€Å"self-defence† in response to Kerouac’s writings. (Lee, 2000, p.98) to reclaim the power she had relinquished to Kerouac. Johnson selects a bleak passage from Kerouac’s novel Bleak Angels, to illustrate his â€Å"woman hatred†: â€Å"For that lumpy roll flesh with the juicy hole I’d sit through eternities of horror in gray rooms ...† (p.133). Johnson wants her â€Å"revenge on history† (Gusdorf, in Onley, 1980, p.36), to retrospectively break a â€Å"silence that I finally wish to give up.† (p.262). The simple phrase, â€Å"the poems Hettie kept mute.† (p.262) links the silence of Glassman to the wider literary world where women have been excluded from the male canon. Johnson is writing in 1983 from the position of an experienced feminist, psychologically analysing how her relationship with Kerouac stifled her identity and how women adopt consensualised exploitation when they believe in â€Å"the curative powers of love as the English believe in tea ...† (p.128). The author uses the first person and the present tense for this recollection adding immediacy, as if now realising that â€Å"He could somehow cancel you out.† (p.128). Glassman mistakenly imagined she could cure Kerouac of his â€Å"blue, bruised eye† melancholy (p.128). In this memoir Johnson appears to privilege Kerouac, presenting him first, but this is so his personality can be analysed alongside Glassman’s and found to be wanting. Johnson as author uses Kerouac (as he appears to have used her) to work through her psychological issues from 1957 and 1983. Johnson does more than tell, she uses double subjectivity to let the reader understand the two Joyces, the naive one who â€Å"put on a lot of eye shadow† (p.127) to attract Kerouac, and the ‘other’ older woman who is â€Å"wondering all the same if it was true† (p.131), as the reader may be. Johnson demonstrates the â€Å"crucial link between author, narrator and protagonist,† (Lejeune in Anderson, p2). All three co-exist in the text, but none can be the real Johnson because, as Mandel argues, autobiography â€Å"pretends to be the whole life of the author† but â€Å"is a construction† (1980, p.

Creating Realities Essay

Different reasons pull Marlow and Henderson into the jungle. Here they develop a struggle to find themselves and their own reality. Henderson and Marlow correlate individual meanings to experiences in order to gain a perspective of their own reality. In Heart of Darkness Marlow there is a real contrast between what is light and what is dark. These contrasts work within the reality of Marlow’s conception of what he considered right and wrong. Light represents for him what he is not. The light represents something unknown while the darkness was himself, knowledge of the impurity of the world and everything around him. Marlow developed an odd phrasing of what he considered his own reality. The meaning that Marlow assigned to his journey into the jungle and the knowledge about himself that he obtained from this journey developed this perspective. He discovered that what he always thought had been black referring it to the unknown was whiter than himself. The main meaning for Marlow being in the jungle was the â€Å"Fascination for the Abomination† that he developed for the something unknown. He developed this fascination for Kurtz. For Marlow, Kurtz was an idea that became part of Marlow’s reality. Marlow based his reality on ideas with individual meaning like the contact with the savages or the journey in the river that led him to find himself. Marlow, in a miserable realization, discovers that the meaning of life is personal. Only he will be able to understand himself and no one else will be able to do it. He describes his reality as one built by appearance in which the contact created between him and the outside world is based on no meaning. He’d conclusion is that† We live as we dream, alone†. (Conrad, 97) Marlow was afraid of the jungle, but more than the jungle he was afraid about what he can discover about himself inside it. Marlow was afraid of discovered what at the end he could not avoid to acknowledge, he was afraid of discovered that he can try as hard as he can to fit in the society but the fact that he will never know himself, as well as he never will know other people is not going to let him fit in. He realizes during his journey that all the knowledge that he have about others was created by appearances. Like Marlow, Henderson, went through the jungle trying to relieve the pain created by being trapped between his own reality and the one created by the larger society and his own within it. In the jungle and in the savages, Henderson finds the key to finding a way to create stability between the two realities. This involved having truth for himself. The first meaningful experience that Henderson experienced in the jungle was with Willatale, the queen of a savage tribe. This has a great impact on his effort to build his own reality. Through this experience Henderson discovers the wisdom of â€Å"being† and not â€Å"becoming†(Bellow, 160). Henderson discovers for the first time the truth that becomes the essential meaning for his reality. Henderson also realizes that there is no perfect being and that everyone suffers; but the only solution to this suffering is how much meaning one assigns to it in contrast to how much one assigns other experiences. A key to Henderson’s reality was the discovery of meaning that he found in Atti, a lion that Dahfu, the king of a second savage tribe, make him imitate her in order to learn a lesson. He absorbed form Atti a lot of things such as courage, poise, and self-confidence. The teaching allows him to awake his human longing. The thing which follows Henderson’s human longing awakening is his ability to feel that he is growing to be a newborn man as he says: his was where my heart had sent me, with its clamor. â€Å"This is where I ended up†¦. For I had claws, and hair and some teeth, and I was bursting with hot noise, but when all this had come forth, there was still a remainder. That last thing of all was my human longing†(Bellow ,267) He discovers that the importance in accepting who he was in order to relieve the pain and suffering. He created a reality in which the main meaning was the truth about himself as a â€Å"being† person not as a â€Å"becoming one. † He discovered that being human and being his own person was a good thing in the contrast to what he had thought before the meaningful experiences that he lived through. Henderson and Marlow both realize that what guides humans and their behavior are the impulse of an idea that means that ideas propose solutions for intern necessities that make beings behave in a certain way. They guide us to live experiences that build our reality. This idea was the same idea that led Henderson to Africa, led him to explore for himself this idea which was the perpetrator of his new reality. Reality is the creation of human beings based on their own experiences in which the meaning of each one can be positive, like Henderson’s, or negative, like Marlow’s. 3 Show preview only The above preview is unformatted text This student written piece of work is one of many that can be found in our GCSE Joseph Conrad section.

USS Minnesota (BB-22) in the Great White Fleet

The Things They Carried By Tim O Brien - 1457 Words

Classifying a book as â€Å"good† or â€Å"bad† has always been a subjective matter. One person may think that Laura Hillenbrand s Unbroken is a work of art, but someone else may think it is a horribly boring book. However, when a book is considered a classic, it has specific characteristics that have stayed constant over the past hundreds of years. For me, a classic has complex and intentional use of language/structure; this complexity makes the book gain popularity in its own way. A classic has a universal theme, which means the theme pertains to everyone regardless of their background. It conveys the same ideas to people from all across our society. Lastly, a classic is timeless, which means it has transcended the time in which it was written. In Tim O’Brien’s novel, The Things They Carried, he offers a new, intriguing way to view war or just life in general and also meets all of the crucial requirements mentioned above to qualify it as a book of lite rary canon. Though this book is technically a war novel, many people are attracted the authorial methods O’Brien employed to write the book and convey his meaning. As Robert Evans said, the novel is known â€Å"not only for the themes it explored, but also for the style it employed† (Critical Pluralism And Interpretations). The content (while interesting in it’s own manner) is not what has made this book gain popularity; it is the â€Å"part memoir, part short story sequence, part novel† (Evans, Robert) structure that O’Brien uses to conveyShow MoreRelatedThe Things They Carried By Tim O Brien892 Words   |  4 PagesThe Vietnam War was a long, exhausting, and traumatic experience for all of the soldiers and those who came with them. The Things They Carried, by Tim O Brien illustrates the different affects the war had on a variety of people: Jacqueline Navarra Rhoads, a former nurse during the Vietnam war, demonstrates these effects within her own memoir in t he book, The Forgotten Veterans. Both sources exemplify many tribulations, while sharing a common thread of suffering from mental unpredictability. DesensitizationRead MoreThe Things They Carried By Tim O Brien1377 Words   |  6 Pageslove to have it as good as we do. Tim O’Brien’s The Things They Carried discusses many veterans who experience the burden of shame and guilt daily due to their heroic actions taken during the Vietnam War. The book shows you how such a war can change a man before, during, and after it’s over.     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   As I reflect on the many conflicts America has been a part of, none can compare to the tragedies that occurred in The Vietnam war. As told in The Things They Carried (O’Brien), characters such as NormanRead MoreThe Things They Carried By Tim O Brien1242 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"Tim O’Brien is obsessed with telling a true war story. O Brien s fiction about the Vietnam experience suggest, lies not in realistic depictions or definitive accounts. As O’Brien argues, absolute occurrence is irrelevant because a true war story does not depend upon that kind of truth. Mary Ann’s induction into genuine experience is clearly destructive as well as empowering† (p.12) Tim O’s text, The Things they Carried, details his uses of word choice to portray his tone and bias. Tim O’BrienRead MoreThe Things They Carried By Tim O Brien1169 Words   |  5 Pagesbut are set in the past and borrows things from t hat time period. A story that fits this genre of literature is The Things They Carried. The story is about Tim O Brien, a Vietnam veteran from the Unite States, who tells stories about what had happened when he and his team were stationed in Vietnam. He also talks about what he felt about the war when he was drafted and what he tried to do to avoid going to fight in Vietnam. The Things They Carried by Tim O Brien was precise with its portrayal of settingRead MoreThe Things They Carried By Tim O Brien1004 Words   |  5 Pages Tim O’Brien is a veteran from of the Vietnam War, and after coming home from his duty he decided to be a writer. His work â€Å"The Things They Carried† is about a group of soldiers that are fighting in the Vietnam War. The first part of the story talks mostly about physical items that each soldier carries, and also mentions the weight of the items as well. Though, there is one exception to the list of physical things. Lieutenant Cross is a char acter of the story, and Tim O’ Brien quickly states theRead MoreThe Things They Carried By Tim O Brien896 Words   |  4 PagesTrouble without a doubt is what First Lieutenant Jimmy Cross carried around his shoulders because he was out in war, where mistakes happen. Lost and unknown of his surroundings he had to lead his men into safety, while destroying anything they found. First Lieutenant Jimmy Cross only holds onto one thing for hope and that is Martha, the woman who he hopes is a virgin to come back to. Tim O’ Brien introduces symbolism by adding a character that has a meaning of purity and a pebble, which symbolizesRead MoreThe Things They Carried By Tim O Brien Essay832 Words   |  4 PagesSummary: â€Å"By and large they carried these things inside, maintaining the masks of composure† (21). In Tim O’brien’s The Things They Carried, the American soldiers of the Vietnam War carry much more than the weight of their equipment, much more than souvenirs or good-luck charms or letters from home. They carried within themselves the intransitive burdens—of fear, of cowardice, of love, of loneliness, of anger, of confusion. Most of all, they carry the truth of what happened to them in the war—aRead MoreThe Things They Carried By Tim O Brien1369 Words   |  6 PagesMany authors use storytelling as a vehicle to convey the immortality of past selves and those who have passed to not only in their piece of literature but in their life as an author. In Tim O’Brien’s work of fiction The Things They Carried, through his final chapter â€Å"The Lives of the Dead,† O Brien conveys that writing is a matter of survival since, the powers of s torytelling can ensure the immortality of all those who were significant in his life. Through their immortality, O’Brien has the abilityRead MoreThe Things They Carried By Tim O Brien1407 Words   |  6 Pages       Our introduction stated that in â€Å"The Things They Carried,† author Tim O’Brien tells us not directly of the soldiers of Vietnam, or the situations they find themselves in, but about the things they carry on their shoulders and in their pockets. These â€Å"things† identify the characters and bring them to life.   I find that to be true as the author unfolds the stories about war and the uncommon things one carries in to war both inadvertently and on purpose.  Ã‚  Ã‚  As it was noted: Stories about war –Read MoreThe Things They Carried By Tim O Brien Essay984 Words   |  4 PagesVery few novels and short stories have managed to clarify, in any lasting process, the means of the war in Vietnam for America and for the troopers who served there. With The Things They Carried, author (Tim O’Brien), captures the war s pulsing rhythms and trying dangers. However he goes abundant any. By moving on the far side the horror of the fighti ng to look at with sensitivity and insight the character of affection, courageousness and worry, by questioning the role that imagination plays